Recently, the emergency management department jointly with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, department of natural resources, housing and urban-rural development, Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Water Resources, agriculture NongCunBu, health committee, bureau, bureau of meteorology, silver circ, food and bureau, bureau of trees, the Red Cross Society of China, wang group, departments and units, such as on the natural disasters in China is in the first three quarters of consultation with the analysis. In the first three quarters, The situation of natural disasters in China was complex and severe, with frequent extreme weather and climate events. Natural disasters were mainly floods, hail, droughts, typhoons, earthquakes and geological disasters. Cryogenic freezing and snow disasters, sandstorms, forest and grassland fires and Marine disasters also occurred to varying degrees. Natural disasters affected 94.94 million people, left 792 people dead and missing, and relocated 5.262 million people. 157,000 houses collapsed and 1.751m were damaged to some extent; 10,583 hectares of crops were affected; Direct economic losses totaled 286.4 billion yuan. Compared with the average of the same period in the past five years, the number of people affected by disasters, the number of dead and missing, the number of collapsed houses and direct economic losses decreased by 31%, 14%, 16% and 14% respectively.

The main features of natural disasters in China in the first three quarters are as follows:

First, the stage characteristics of the disaster were obvious, and the disaster losses in northern provinces were heavy

In the first three quarters, the periodic characteristics of natural disasters in China were obvious. In the first half of this year, except for the Yangbi 6.4 earthquake in Yunnan and Maduo 7.4 earthquake in Qinghai, the extreme severe convective weather in Jiangsu and Hubei, and the severe flood in northeast China, the overall disaster situation was relatively light. 156 people were killed and missing, and the direct economic loss was 40.86 billion yuan, which was the lowest in the past decade. After entering the third quarter, in July, henan, Sichuan, Shanxi, Hebei and other places suffered from severe rainstorms and floods and "Fireworks" typhoon disasters successively. In the middle and late July, Henan province suffered from severe rainstorms and floods, which affected a wide range and caused heavy losses. Severe rainstorms and floods hit Hubei and Shaanxi provinces in August. In September, a magnitude-6.0 earthquake hit Luxian county of Sichuan province and a mud-rock slide hit Tianquan County of Ya 'an county of Sichuan Province, causing considerable losses. In terms of the distribution of hard-hit provinces, the disaster losses in northern provinces were significantly higher than those in southern China due to the earlier and stronger rainy season in northern China and the later and weaker rainy season in southern China, as well as fewer typhoons landing.

Second, there are many extreme heavy rainfall processes, and flood disaster losses account for a high proportion

In the first three quarters, 39 heavy rainfall events occurred in China, with national precipitation of 582 mm, 4% more than in the same period of the previous year. In the western part of northeast China, the eastern and southern parts of North China, and the northwestern part of Huang-Huai River, it is more than 40% to 90%, while in the northern part of northwest China, the eastern and western parts of South China, it is less than 3% to 70%. A total of 533 rivers in 27 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), including Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Henan, Chongqing, Sichuan and Jiangxi, experienced floods above the warning level. The flood disaster presents the following characteristics: First, there are many extreme heavy rainfall processes and the disaster is strong. In July, there were four extremely heavy rainfall events. In the middle and late July, Henan was hit by heavy rain and flooding, affecting 150 counties (cities and districts) in 16 cities such as Zhengzhou, Xinxiang and Hebi. In August, local areas of Suizhou, Hubei province and Xi 'an, Shaanxi Province experienced extreme heavy rainfall, causing severe waterlogging, mountain floods and geological disasters. Second, major rivers were generally stable, and floods occurred frequently in small and medium-sized rivers. There were 10 numbered floods in major rivers in China, but the magnitude of floods in major rivers was small and the overall situation was stable. The number of overalarm in medium and small rivers is large, and some of them in haihe river basin and the upper reaches of Yangtze River repeatedly overalarm. Third, the autumn flood situation is grim. The hanjiang River had its biggest autumn flood since 2011, the Danjiangkou Reservoir had its highest water level since the construction of the reservoir, and the upper reaches of the Weihe River, the haihe river system, experienced its first autumn flood in nearly 20 years. The affected areas in Henan, Sichuan, Shanxi and Shaanxi were superimposed with those in the previous period, adding to the disaster losses. The number of deaths and missing persons, collapsed houses and direct economic losses caused by floods accounted for more than 70% of the total losses caused by disasters in the first three quarters. In addition, according to preliminary statistics, a total of 3,625 geological disasters occurred in the first three quarters of this year, mainly from May to September, with heavy losses in central and southern China and southwest China.

Hail disaster affected a wide range of extreme severe convection weather caused casualties

In the first three quarters, 41 regional severe convective weather processes occurred in China, less than the average in recent five years, but with a wide range of impacts and significant extremes. In terms of time, the severe convective weather has been less and weaker before mid-April, and the first large-scale severe convective weather process appeared at the end of March, 15 days later than usual. After mid-April, severe convective weather increased significantly, mainly concentrated in the north of jiangnan, Jianghan, Jianghuai, North China, Huanghuai and northeast China. In terms of intensity, extreme strong convection phenomena such as tornadoes are obviously more. On April 30, Jiangsu was hit by extreme severe convective weather such as thunderstorm gale and hail from north to south, with the local maximum wind strength reaching force 14. On May 14, Suzhou and Wuhan were hit by a strong tornado, the local maximum wind force of 17, causing casualties and house damage, the extreme and destructive of the strong convection is rare in recent years. In terms of scope, 1,235 counties (cities and districts) were affected by hailstorms in the first three quarters of the year, the most widespread type of disaster, causing 15.92 million people to be affected, crop areas affected by 2381 thousand hectares, and direct economic losses of 21.99 billion yuan.

Fourth, the drought disaster is lighter than in previous years, and the drought in South China appears and develops

In the first three quarters, the stage characteristics of drought disaster were obvious. At the beginning of the year, there was a severe drought in Yunnan, South China and South China. In the middle of February, there was a significant precipitation process in the arid regions. The meteorological drought in South China and South China was lifted and the drought eased in most of Yunnan. From mid-March to early April, the meteorological drought in Yunnan, southern Jiangnan and Southern China developed again. In May, several periods of strong rainfall in southern China significantly improved soil moisture, replenished storage in reservoirs and ponds, and alleviated drought in most parts of the south. At the same time, north China, the south of the northeast, huanghuai and other areas of the drought outcrop and development. From July to August, a large range of heavy rainfall occurred in North China and northeast China, the drought was basically lifted, and a severe drought occurred in the eastern part of northwest China. Since September, there have been more precipitation in the middle and eastern part of northwest China, and the drought situation has been alleviated. South China area high temperature little rain, drought outcrop and development. At present, the drought is mainly distributed in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Gansu, Guangdong and Fujian provinces. Overall, the drought in the first three quarters of this year affected 17.33 million people in 23 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities), including Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia, and affected 3,080 hectares of crops, resulting in a direct economic loss of 17.73 billion yuan.

Five, typhoon landing number is small, "fireworks" typhoon impact range

In the first three quarters, a total of 16 typhoons were generated in the Northwest Pacific Ocean and the South China Sea, 2.5 fewer than the average of the same period in many years. Three of them landed in China. The seventh typhoon, Chapakha, made landfall in Guangdong on July 20, the first typhoon to hit China this year, more than a month later than usual, affecting Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan provinces. July 25, 26, the sixth typhoon "Fireworks" has landed in Zhoushan and Pinghu, Zhejiang, strong wind, heavy rainfall, lasting for a long time, a wide range of impact, resulting in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong and other 8 provinces (regions, cities) 4.08 million people affected, more than 8,700 houses damaged, direct economic losses of 12.9 billion yuan. On August 5, the 9th typhoon "Lupit" landed in Shantou, Guangdong province, and then landed in Dongshan, Fujian Province, bringing abundant rainfall to the southeast coastal provinces, effectively alleviating the drought in South China, while causing the local drought and flood in Fujian province to turn sharply. Overall, typhoon disaster losses in the first three quarters were the lowest in the same period of the past five years, causing 5.67 million disasters and direct economic losses of 28.08 billion yuan.

6. Strong seismic activity occurred in many areas of western China

In the first three quarters of this year, 17 earthquakes with a magnitude of 5 or above occurred on the Chinese mainland, mainly in the western regions of Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Yunnan and Sichuan. On March 19, a 6.1-magnitude earthquake hit Tibet's Bi Ru county, damaging more than 20,000 houses and causing direct economic losses of 480 million yuan. On March 24, a 5.4 magnitude earthquake killed three people in Baicheng, Xinjiang. On the night of May 21 and the morning of May 22, yangbi in Yunnan province and Maduo in Qinghai Province witnessed strong earthquakes. The yunnan Yangbi 6.4-magnitude earthquake affected 159,000 people, killed three, collapsed and severely damaged 19,000 houses, and damaged transportation, roads, municipal and educational facilities. More than 39,000 people were affected by the 7.4-magnitude earthquake in Maddo, Qinghai province. More than 8,600 houses collapsed or seriously damaged, and some roads, Bridges and other infrastructure were damaged. The magnitude-6.0 earthquake in Luxian county, Sichuan province on 16 September killed three people and damaged a large number of houses. Overall, the earthquake disasters in 14 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in the first three quarters of this year affected 453,000 people, killed nine people, collapsed or severely damaged 62,000 houses and caused a direct economic loss of 8.2 billion yuan.

Seven, low temperature freezing and snow disaster concentrated at the beginning of the year, causing losses to local agriculture

In the first three quarters, cryogenic freezing and snow disasters mainly occurred at the beginning of the year, and losses were heavy in January and April. In January, the process affecting cold air in China was marked by extreme low temperature and long duration of strong wind, which brought heavy losses to agricultural production, especially cash crops with weak frost resistance. Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Yunnan and other regions suffered a total loss of 2.2 billion yuan. In April, there were two cold waves in China, with a large drop in temperature. Many regions of Shanxi, Shaanxi, Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Ningxia and other regions suffered from cold disasters. Datong, Jinzhong and other places in Shanxi suffered a direct economic loss of 750 million yuan; Local cash crops in Xinjiang and xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were severely affected, with a direct economic loss of 1.3 billion yuan. In the first three quarters, the cold and snow disasters were less severe than the same period of the previous year, causing 2.82 million people affected, 287 thousand hectares of crops affected, and a direct economic loss of 5.6 billion yuan.

8. Forest and grassland fires are concentrated in time and space, and the overall situation is stable

According to preliminary statistics, in the first three quarters of this year, 527 forest fires broke out in China, affecting 2,628 hectares of forest and causing 15 deaths. Twelve grassland fires broke out, affecting an area of 3,388 hectares, with no casualties. Compared with the average of the same period in the past five years, the number of forest fires and grassland fires decreased by 73% and 67% respectively. Forest fires are concentrated in time and space. In terms of time, forest fires occurred mainly from January to April. In terms of regions, guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, Hunan, Jiangxi and Hubei provinces are most prone to forest fires.

Source: Ministry of Emergency Management

The third Xiamen Disaster Prevention and Mitigation and Emergency Rescue Technology And Equipment Exhibition